FISH and GISH: Modern cytogenetic techniques
نویسندگان
چکیده
In recent years, advances in the molecular cytogenetic technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which enables the direct chromosomal localization of labelled DNA probes and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), which determines the inter-species distribution of repeated sequences have enabled a resurgence of cytogenetic analysis in plant genome research and molecular breeding. Practical applications of these techniques in chromosome mapping, genome analysis, determination of phylogenetic relationship, detection of chromosomal aberrations and alien chromatin in plant breeding programmes, study of chromosome organization at interphase nuclei and analysis of somaclonal variations in tissue culture have been presented.
منابع مشابه
Review of the Application of Modern Cytogenetic Methods (FISH/GISH) to the Study of Reticulation (Polyploidy/Hybridisation)
The convergence of distinct lineages upon interspecific hybridisation, including when accompanied by increases in ploidy (allopolyploidy), is a driving force in the origin of many plant species. In plant breeding too, both interspecific hybridisation and allopolyploidy are important because they facilitate introgression of alien DNA into breeding lines enabling the introduction of novel charact...
متن کاملComparative cytogenetic analysis of the genomes of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon and its close relatives.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Brachypodium is a small genus of temperate grasses that comprises 12-15 species. Brachypodium distachyon is now well established as a model species for temperate cereals and forage grasses. In contrast to B. distachyon, other members of the genus have been poorly investigated at the chromosome level or not at all. METHODS Twenty accessions comprising six species and two su...
متن کاملDRAWID: user-friendly java software for chromosome measurements and idiogram drawing
An idiogram construction following chromosome measurements is a versatile tool for cytological, cytogenetic and phylogenetic studies. The information on chromosome length, centromere index and position of cytogenetic landmarks along with modern techniques (e.g. genomic and fluorescence in situ hybridization, banding, chromosome painting) can help to shed light on genome constitution, chromosome...
متن کاملFormamide-Free Genomic in situ Hybridization Allows Unambiguous Discrimination of Highly Similar Parental Genomes in Diploid Hybrids and Allopolyploids.
Polyploidy and hybridization play an important role in plant diversification and speciation. The application of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) allows the identification of parental genomes in hybrids, thus elucidating their origins and allowing for analysis of their genomic evolution. The performance of GISH depends on the similarity of the parental genomes and on the age of hybrids. Here...
متن کاملDetermination by GISH and FISH of hybrid status in Lilium.
In the genus Lilium, plants obtained from crosses, especially between distant relatives, are not always hybrids because embryos can develop as a result of apomixis. These plants constitute genetic material of the maternal parent only. In this study, verification of hybrid status of plants which have been obtained from the crosses 'Marco Polo'xLilium henryi and 'Expression'xL. henryi was perform...
متن کامل